Massimo Baroni

1 Introduction Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, representing the most demanding challenge in modern medicine (Seyfried and Huysentruyt 2013). In people, the incidence of brain metastases (BM) has increased, largely due to an ageing population, the advent of targeted therapies that have extended the survival of cancer patients and improvement in early cancer detection (Singh et al. 2022; Kamar and Posner 2010).

Abstract Lipids are a structurally diverse class of biomolecules which can undergo a variety of chemical modifications. Among them, lipid (per)oxidation attracts most of the attention due to its significance in the regulation of inflammation, cell proliferation and death programs.

Abbreviations EAMC exercise associated muscle cramp ELP enteropathy losing protein MC/MCs muscle cramp/cramps PMDs paroxysmal movement disorders 1 INTRODUCTION Muscle cramps (MCs) are prolonged, involuntary, painful muscle contractions, having acute onset and short duration, lasting from seconds to minutes.1 In human medicine, cramps are classified in “silent” and “true” cramps.