Mate Furedi

Introduction Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Understanding the mechanisms of charge storage in battery materials is crucial to enable advancement of their performance and reliability. (1,2) However, for novel materials, these mechanisms remain elusive due to the complex interplay of electrochemical, structural, and interfacial processes, which current analytical techniques struggle to fully capture.

Abstract Ion-conducting polymer membranes are essential in many separation processes and electrochemical devices, including electrodialysis1, redox flow batteries2, fuel cells3 and electrolysers4,5. Controlling ion transport and selectivity in these membranes largely hinges on the manipulation of pore size. Although membrane pore structures can be designed in the dry state6, they are redefined upon hydration owing to swelling in electrolyte solutions.

The influence of stabiliser concentration on the formation of In2O3 thin films In2O3 is the parent oxide semiconductor for many transparent conducting oxides owing to its comparatively wide band gap and reasonable conductivity. The ability to fabricate thin films of In2O3 utilising simple and cheap solution-processed methods has made it appealing for applications in displays and solar cells.