Matsapume Detcharoen

1 Introduction Species diversification is a key process that increases biodiversity as lineages evolve to occupy different ecological niches through mechanisms such as mutation, epigenetic changes, genetic drift, and speciation (Naciri and Linder 2020). Biotic and abiotic factors, including climate, resource competition, predation, habitat persistence, and fitness trade-offs, drive the diversification of insect species (Nosil and Crespi 2006; Peris and Condamine 2024; Spence and Tingley 2020).

Abstract Seagrasses are important in marine ecosystems by providing food and shelter for animals, storing carbon, and reducing sulfide and methane emissions. Previous studies found variations in the microbiomes of seagrass both above and below sediment surface, with certain microbes serving as indicators of seagrass health. Despite numerous studies on bacterial communities in specific seagrass species, little is known about bacterial communities in mixed seagrass beds.