Matthieu Rousseau

Abstract Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the primary cause of urinary tract infections (UTI). To establish an infection, UPEC must evade infiltrating neutrophils and their antimicrobial neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In this study, we identify a previously uncharacterized two-gene regulatory system within the pathogenicity island PAIUTI89II, which we named DanRI (Defense against neutrophil Regulator and Inhibitor).

Editor’s summary Urinary tract infections (UTI) resulting primarily from uropathogenic E. coli are often recurrent, but the reason for incomplete development of immune memory remains unclear. Using a mouse model of recurrent UTI, Rousseau et al. demonstrated that immune memory against UTI is mediated by tissue resident memory T (TRM) cells that require antigen persistence for their development.

Editor’s summary Although selective immunoglobin A (IgA) deficiency (SIgAD) is the most common primary human immunodeficiency, the apparently asymptomatic nature of SIgAD in many patients has prompted uncertainty about how necessary IgA is for homeostatic regulation of the commensal gut microbiota. Using a combination of bacterial flow cytometry and 16S rRNA sequencing, Conrey et al.