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This article compares different algorithms based on variable neighbourhood search combined with mathematical programming to generate a radiation therapy treatment plan for cancer by solving the DAO problem. The methods proposed in this article can identify a range of aperture shapes and intensities for each beam angle of a specified BAC.
3.2. Reparation Heuristic As mentioned in the previous paragraph, as a result of the solver usage, we obtain the optimal intensities for each aperture at each beam angle. Since the optimisation solver is conditioned to the aperture shapes obtained at each iteration by the PSO algorithm, it is not unusual that some of the intensities end up in the optimisation process with values close to zero.
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