1 INTRODUCTION While the relationships between long-term mean climate conditions and genetic diversity, differentiation, and adaptation have been studied extensively in a variety of organisms (Hand et al., 2016; Lee & Mitchell-Olds, 2011; Oliveira et al., 2020; Yang et al., 2013), the effects of shorter-term, local-scale weather variability, including extreme weather events, on genetic variation have received less attention (Bailey & van de Pol, 2016; Proft et al., 2021; but see Caplins et...