Mengwei Zheng

INTRODUCTION As global warming intensifies, extreme weather is becoming increasingly frequent, posing severe threats to agricultural production. Among them, flooding is a major abiotic stress. Research indicates that approximately 12% of global croplands are affected by flooding, resulting in crop yield losses ranging from 40% to 80% (Shabala et al., 2014; Li et al., 2021b; Zhou et al., 2021b; Toulotte et al., 2022).