Miaohe Zhang

1 INTRODUCTION Plant pathogenic bacteria, as one of the main biological factors causing harm to crops, hinder the sustainable development of agriculture through various means such as damaging crops, raising costs, polluting the environment, and threatening trade security.1-6 These pathogens are particularly difficult to control owing to their latent infection patterns and ability to form protective biofilms.7 Among these pathogens, Xoo and Xac are recognized as two of the most notorious...

BACKGROUND Plant fungal diseases, particularly those caused by Rhizoctonia solani, represent a major threat to global food security by causing substantial yield losses. Although chemical fungicides are available, growing pathogen resistance and environmental concerns necessitate the development of novel antifungal agents that are highly effective, eco-compatible, and operate through distinct mechanisms.