Though the warring armies appear to have been surprised by it, Greek astronomer Thales had predicted the eclipse of May 28, 585 B.C.E. In this 18th century painting, Thales is shown receiving the "secrets of the skies" from Urania, the Muse of astronomy. Credit: Antonio Canova, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons In ancient times, a total solar eclipse might have ended a war over territory between the Lydians, inhabitants of modern Turkey, and the Medes, who lived in what is now Iran.