Michael P Scott

Keywords Abortion, Spontaneous Miscarriage Alcohol Pregnancy Introduction Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes including miscarriage (pregnancy loss <20 weeks of gestation), fetal growth restriction, and congenital birth defects.(Gupta et al., 2016, Popova et al., 2023) Most guidelines, including those produced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, advocate abstinence during pregnancy.(CDC, 2023) The effects of preconception alcohol...