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Abstract In this paper, a design for a high extinction ratio Mach–Zehnder optical modulator is proposed. The switchable refractive index of the germanium-antimony-selenium-tellurium (GSST) phase change material is employed to induce destructive interference between the waves passing through Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) arms and to realize amplitude modulation.
Abstract Design and numerical characterization of a high-performance ${{\rm VO}_2}$-based optical modulator are proposed. The modulation is achieved by the phase transition of ${{\rm VO}_2}$ in a Bragg grating which can be formed by the selective ${{\rm VO}_2}$ deposition on a silicon strip waveguide.
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