Muawia Dafalla

Abstract Accurate prediction of moisture content in clay-sand liners is a prerequisite for effective water management in subsurface irrigation systems, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions where coupled thermal and salinity stresses critically govern liner performance.

Practical Applications Expansive soils are known for their problematic nature due to swelling and shrinking when subjected to wetting and drying. Structures experiencing distress from expansive soils necessitate consideration of alternative repair and remedial techniques. The conventional methods of underpinning or subsoil treatment, including removal or replacement, may add huge costs to the project.

3. Experimental Program 3.1. Preparing the Samples In this study, twenty, thirty, and sixty percent of the highly plastic natural clay from the Al-Qatif region of Saudi Arabia was combined with poorly graded sand. Using traditional ASTM D 698 [26] compaction curves, a predetermined amount of water (Table 1) was added to the mixture to reach the desired moisture content. The field condition and placement need to be recognized during testing [27].