Muchamad Imam Asrori

Abstract Plant cell culture has multiple applications in biotechnology and horticulture, from plant propagation to the production of high-value biomolecules. However, the interplay between cellular diversity and ambient conditions influences the metabolism of cultured tissues; understanding these factors in detail will inform efforts to optimize culture conditions.

1. Introduction Allelopathy refers to the metabolic ability of a plant to release bioactive chemicals into its surrounding environment, which affects the growth, germination, and development of other plants. The inhibition of germination and early growth of seedlings is commonly observed as the main allelopathic effect [1] .