Muhammad Saqib Javed

1. Introduction A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack in late 2016, when three uninterrupted DDoS attacks were launched against the Domain Name System (DNS) provider Dyn, was a warning signal of the dangers of targeted DDoS attacks [1]. DDoS attacks have become one of the most severe threats to network security, with the first reported attack published by the Computer Incident Advisory Capability in 1999 [2].

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Muhammad N. Sattar and Muhammad Javed contributed equally. Funding information: This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research, King Faisal University through grant number ‘GRANT1115’. Get access to the full version of this article. View access options below. Purchase Instant Access Item saved, go to cart 48-Hour online access $12.00 Details View the article/chapter PDF and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours.

Punjab is a massively populated province. Such a high amount of population leads to an excessive amount of air pollution. Lahore, in particular, suffers the most when it comes to air pollution. Even so, it is common knowledge that Lahore’s air quality is at its worst. Due to the hazardous levels of air pollution in Lahore, the residents are starting to experience minimal to extreme health problems.