Munseok S. Chae

1 Introduction The growing concerns over fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution have accelerated global efforts toward the development of sustainable and efficient energy storage systems. Among the various technologies available, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as one of the most promising energy-storage systems owing to their high energy density, long cycle life, and relatively low environmental impact [1-5].

Manganese (Mn) metal, with a higher theoretical capacity and lower redox potential (–1.19 V versus SHE) than zinc, is emerging as a compelling anode for next-generation rechargeable batteries. Yet, its practical use remains hampered by parasitic hydrogen evolution, severe corrosion, and dendritic deposition that degrade plating/stripping efficiency and cycling stability.

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.