Nabuqi Bao

Abstract Tumor glycolysis reprogramming, characterized by the “Warburg effect,” has emerged as a critical hallmark of cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Increasing evidence indicates that enhanced glycolytic activity not only supports rapid tumor growth by sustaining ATP production and biosynthetic demands, but also profoundly contributes to the development of chemoresistance.

1 Introduction Abnormalities in nucleotide metabolism have been shown to play a critical role in the onset, progression, and treatment response of acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), and pancreatic cancer (PC). PC, an aggressively invasive malignancy with an exceptionally high mortality rate, is often referred to as the “King of Cancers.” As one of the deadliest cancers globally, its subtle early symptoms frequently result in diagnosis at advanced stages.