Narantsog Choijookhuu

Abstract Guanine-rich DNA sequences can form four-stranded structures known as G-quadruplexes (G4s), which play important roles in cellular processes. However, direct observation of G4 dynamics in tissues remains challenging. Here, we report the in vivo dynamics of G4s during mouse liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx) using a G4-specific antibody.

All animal experiments were conducted in compliance with a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Miyazaki University (no. 2015-518-4) and The Scripps Research Institute (no. 09-0130-3). Bone marrow-derived MSCs were prepared from the tibias and femurs of 6- to 8-week-old C57BL/6 J WT and Hmgb2−/− mice without sexual selection as previously reported16,42,43.

In mammals, the Y chromosome strictly influences the maintenance of male germ cells. Almost all mammalian species require genetic contributors to generate testes. An endangered species, Tokudaia osimensis, has a unique sex chromosome composition XO/XO, and genetic differences between males and females have not been confirmed. Although a distinctive sex-determining mechanism may exist in T. osimensis, it has been difficult to examine thoroughly in this rare animal species.