Raj Thapa

INTRODUCTION Seed germination is a critical phase of the plant life cycle initiated by breaking dormancy under favorable conditions. In Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), dry seeds uptake water followed by testa rupture, endosperm rupture, and radicle emergence (Müller et al., 2006; Piskurewicz et al., 2008). Post-germination growth is characterized by cotyledon greening and further root development.

Back to Journals » International Journal of Nanomedicine » Volume 20 Authors Bastola R, Thapa RK Received 4 October 2025 Accepted for publication 3 December 2025 Published 12 December 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 14955—14973 DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S572066 Checked for plagiarism Yes Review by Single anonymous peer review Peer reviewer comments 2 Editor who approved publication: Prof.

New Delhi (ABC Live): On 9 September 2025, Nepal’s Prime Minister K.P. Sharma Oli resigned after violent protests triggered by a government ban on social media left at least 19 people dead (Reuters, AP). What began as a youth uprising over digital rights quickly became a mass anti-corruption movement shaking Nepal’s fragile democracy.