Nicolai Konow

Abstract Bite force is a key metric of organismal performance, and expression of masticatory myosin (MHC-M) is associated with high bite force. However, skeletal muscles are multiscale structures, and it remains unclear how adaptations for force production are integrated across scales.

1. Introduction The contraction history of a muscle can influence its performance. Post-activation potentiation (PAP) is one such history-dependent phenomenon where muscle force is higher for a given submaximal stimulation, if the muscle has been recently stimulated. The potentiated state may be the predominate condition for muscles in vivo [1].

1. Introduction Early tetrapods had a sprawling posture with limbs extending laterally, but throughout the evolution of tetrapods, the limbs have often migrated to a position beneath the body, in order to provide an upright stance [1–4].