Nitesh Singh Malan

1 Introduction Motor error processing—the brain's ability to detect and correct discrepancies between intended and actual movements—is essential for adaptive motor control and learning (Shadmehr and Krakauer 2008). The cerebellum plays a critical role in this process acting as a forward internal model to predict the outcomes of motor commands, compare those predictions with sensory feedback, and update the model to improve future predictions (Wolpert et al. 1995; Shadmehr and Mussa-Ivaldi 1994).

AEF auditory evoked field CGRP calcitonin gene–related peptide CM chronic migraine cM1 contralateral primary motor cortex CMV contingent magnetic variation cS1 contralateral primary somatosensory cortex CSD cortical spreading depression DC direct current EEG electroencephalography EM episodic migraine FHM familial hemiplegic migraine fMRI functional magnetic resonance imaging ISI interstimulus interval M1 primary motor cortex MEF movement-evoked magnetic field MEG magnetoencephalography MMN...