Osejie Oriaifo

1 INTRODUCTION Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) represents a chronic inflammatory disorder, primarily affecting the axial skeleton, with pronounced involvement of the spinal facet and sacroiliac joints.1 AS predominantly affects young males, and its ramifications extend beyond the musculoskeletal system.2 Notably, while cardiac involvement in AS patients remains relatively rare, manifestations such as diastolic dysfunction—often concomitant with heart failure maintaining preserved ejection...