Panaiotis Finamore

Abstract Eosinophils are key effectors in asthma, especially within the T2-high phenotype. Conventional biomarkers such as blood eosinophils, FeNO, and IgE incompletely reflect disease activity. Beyond eosinophil enumeration, qualitative assessment of eosinophil activation and immune engagement may provide complementary information. Surface markers like CD63 and HLA-DR might provide additional insight into eosinophil activation and treatment response.

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Introduction Endobronchial leiomyomas are rare benign tumors derived from the smooth muscle layer of the bronchi, bronchioles, or blood vessels (1) that account for 3% of all benign endobronchial tumors (2). Considering their rarity, systematic studies on the sex and age distribution, tumor location within the airway, growth patterns, and pathological classifications are lacking.