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Articles by Pascal Oesch
A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn
Abstract The physical processes that led to the formation of billion-solar-mass black holes within the first 700 million years of cosmic time, a period known as cosmic dawn, remain a puzzle1. Several theoretical scenarios have been proposed to seed and rapidly grow black holes2,3,4, but direct observations of these mechanisms remain elusive.
A Cosmic Miracle: A Remarkably Luminous Galaxy at zspec = 14.44 Confirmed with JWST | Published in The Open Journal of Astrophysics
Astrophysics of Galaxies cosmic dawnreionizationglobular clustershigh redshiftJWSTMoM-Z14 Naidu, Rohan P., Pascal A. Oesch, Gabriel Brammer, Andrea Weibel, Yijia Li, Jorryt Matthee, John Chisolm, et al. 2026. “A Cosmic Miracle: A Remarkably Luminous Galaxy at zspec = 14.44 Confirmed with JWST.” The Open Journal of Astrophysics 9 (January). https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.156033.
A dense web of neutral gas in a galaxy proto-cluster post-reionization - Nature Astronomy
Abstract Galaxy clusters are the most massive, gravitationally bound structures in the Universe. They emerged through hierarchical structure formation of large-scale dark matter and baryon overdensities. Early galaxy ‘proto-clusters’ are believed to have substantially contributed to the cosmic star-formation rate density and served as ‘hotspots’ for the reionization of the intergalactic medium.
The first billion years according to JWST - Nature Astronomy
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Abstract With stunning clarity, the JWST has revealed the Universe’s first billion years. The scientific community is analysing a wealth of JWST imaging and spectroscopic data from that era, and is in the process of rewriting the astronomy textbooks. Here, as a result of the 2024 ISSI Breakthrough Workshop, we provide a snapshot of the great progress made towards understanding the initial chapters of our cosmic history 1.5 years into the JWST science mission.
By Angela Adamo, Micaela B. Bagley, Eduardo Bañados, Rachel Bezanson, Gabriel Brammer, Daniel Eisenstein, Jan J. Eldridge, Andrea Ferrara, Seiji Fujimoto, Anna de Graaff, Jeyhan Kartaltepe, Susan A. Kassin, Roberto Maiolino, Michael V. Maseda, Charlotte Mason, Jorryt Matthee, Georges Meynet, Pascal Oesch, Guido Roberts-Borsani, Daniel Schaerer, Alice Shapley, Feige Wang, Stephen Wilkins, Allison L. Strom
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Nature
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Efficient formation of a massive quiescent galaxy at redshift 4.9 - Nature Astronomy
Abstract Within the established framework of structure formation, galaxies start as systems of low stellar mass and gradually grow into far more massive galaxies. The existence of massive galaxies in the first billion years of the Universe, as suggested by recent observations, seems to challenge this model, as such galaxies would require highly efficient conversion of baryons into stars.
Accelerated formation of ultra-massive galaxies in the first billion years - Nature
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Abstract Recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have revealed an unexpected abundance of massive-galaxy candidates in the early Universe, extending further in redshift and to lower luminosity than what had previously been found by submillimetre surveys1,2,3,4,5,6.
By Mengyuan Xiao, Pascal Oesch, David Elbaz, Erica Nelson, Andrea Weibel, Garth Illingworth, Pieter van Dokkum, Emanuele Daddi, Jorryt Matthee, Stijn Wuyts, Gabriel Brammer, Mark Dickinson, Benjamin Magnelli, Lucas Leroy, Daniel Schaerer, Seunghwan Lim, Laia Barrufet, Carlos Gómez-Guijarro, Danilo Marchesini, Michael V. Maseda, Yuxiang Qin, Alice Shapley, Katherine Whitaker
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Nature
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A massive galaxy that formed its stars at z ~ 11 - Nature
Abstract The formation of galaxies by gradual hierarchical co-assembly of baryons and cold dark matter halos is a fundamental paradigm underpinning modern astrophysics[1, 2] and predicts a strong decline in the number of massive galaxies at early cosmic times[3–5].
A high black hole to host mass ratio in a lensed AGN in the early Universe - Nature
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Abstract Early JWST observations have uncovered a new population of red sources that might represent a previously overlooked phase of supermassive black hole growth1−−3. One of the most intriguing examples is an extremely red, point-like object that was found to be triply-imaged by the strong lensing (SL) cluster Abell 27444. Here we present deep JWST/NIRSpec observations of this object, Abell2744-QSO1.
By Lukas J. Furtak, Ivo Labbe, Adi Zitrin, Anna de Graaff, Rachel Bezanson, Gabriel Brammer, Joel Leja, Bingjie Wang, John Weaver, Ákos Bogdán, Stephane Charlot, Emma Curtis-Lake, Pieter van Dokkum, Robert E. Feldmann, Karl Glazebrook, Danilo Marchesini, Erica Nelson, Pascal Oesch, David J. Setton, Sedona H. Price
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Nature
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Spatially Resolved Properties of Galaxies at 5 < z < 9 in the SMACS 0723 JWST ERO Field
By characterizing the physical properties of galaxies in the redshift range 5 < z < 10, we can study the epoch of reionization, when the universe experienced its last phase transition (see, e.g., Treu et al. 2013; Mason et al. 2018; Robertson 2022, for a review). With well-sampled photometry of high-redshift galaxies, we can robustly model their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and infer the properties of their stellar populations.
Two Remarkably Luminous Galaxy Candidates at z ≈ 10-12 Revealed by JWST
When and how the first galaxies formed remains one of the most intriguing questions of extragalactic astronomy and observational cosmology (see Dayal & Ferrara 2018; Robertson 2022 for recent reviews). Although deep observations with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) have pushed our cosmic horizon to within the first 400 Myr of the Big Bang, galaxies at z ≳ 12 cannot be observed with HST due to the limit of its wavelength coverage at 1.6 μm.
Farthest Galaxy Spotted Yet Is 13 Billion Light-Years Away
In their quest to find the most distant galaxy in the universe, astronomers have a new champion. Known as EGS-zs8-1, it’s so far away that its light traveled for more than 13 billion years to reach the giant Keck I telescope, in Hawaii, where the discovery was made. Like the “oldest human ancestor” that archaeologists keep finding over and over, there’s every reason to think that this one will be toppled as well, sooner or later. But for now, EGS-zs8-1 will do just fine.
Astronomers find farthest galaxy: 13.1 billion light-years
WASHINGTON — Astronomers have discovered a baby blue galaxy that is the farthest from us in distance and time ever seen. It's from 13.1 billion years ago, and is among the universe's first generation of galaxies. Yale and University of California Santa Cruz scientists used three different telescopes to spot and then calculate the age of the blurry infant galaxy. By measuring how the light has shifted, they determined the galaxy, called EGS-zs8-1, is from about 670 million years after the Big Bang.
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