REFERENCES , , , & (1998). Measuring citizen and government ideology in the American states, 1960–93. American Journal of Political Science, 42, 327–348. , & (2003). Elected versus appointed regulators: Theory and evidence. Journal of the European Economic Association, 1, 1176–1206. , & (2004). Corruption and inefficiency: Theory and political evidence from electric utilities. Journal of Public Economics, 91, 939–962. , & (2000). Equilibria in campaign spending games: Theory and data.