Pierre Echaubard

1. Introduction Amid an increasing global trend in emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and outbreaks (1, 2), the need to better understand underlying drivers of EIDs has never been greater (3). The social and environmental conditions and their complex interactions that have been commonly implicated as driving EIDs include: climate and land-use change; human-wildlife interactions; shifting human demographics and behaviors including livelihood patterns; and poverty and inequality (1, 4–6).