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Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this manuscript. Supporting Information Filename Description ppl70707-sup-0001-Figures.docxWord 2007 document , 1.3 MB Figure S1: Phylogenetic tree constructed from the full-length peptide sequences of PbeRLP3 homologs from different species. Figure S2: Subcellular localization of PbeRLP3 in N. benthamiana.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have emerged as a readily available and effective marker for assessing tumor immune profiles (Fig. 4). The pathological evaluation of TILs offers a convenient approach to identifying patients who are likely to respond favorably to immunotherapy. For instance, a randomized trial found that a TIL level of ≥ 5% could predict a positive response to pembrolizumab.

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