Pranabananda Dutta

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1 Introduction The activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a transcription factor discovered in the 1990s (1). It consists of different components, such as the Jun family, Fos family, Jun-dimerizing partners (JDP), musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) family, and activating transcription factor (ATF) family (2). The Jun and Fos subfamilies are the most predominant and share a conserved bZIP domain that mediates DNA binding (Figure 1) (3).