Qing-Xuan Wang

Abstract Background: While papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) generally exhibits a favorable prognosis, a subset of patients experiences poorer outcomes, with lymph node metastasis (LNM) significantly increasing the risk of recurrence and correlating with a worse prognosis. Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming and immune evasion play pivotal roles in driving lymph node metastasis; however, the specific actionable targets within these processes remain largely unexplored.