President and CEO at @atlantafed Econ Policy, Urban Econ and Devlpmt, Commty Dvlpmt. Opinions expressed are my own. Likes/RT =/= Endorsement.
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Articles by Raphael Bostic
Atlanta Fed President Bostic: Farewell to the Best Job I\'ve Ever Had
The past eight years and eight months as president of the Atlanta Fed have been the highlight of my professional career. To be sure, it's been hectic, and it's been challenging.
Atlanta Fed President Bostic: Farewell to the Best Job I\'ve Ever Had
The past eight years and eight months as president of the Atlanta Fed have been the highlight of my professional career. To be sure, it's been hectic, and it's been challenging.
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta CEO: Farewell to the best job I’ve ever had
Raphael Bostic Raphael Bostic shares insights from turbulence in the economy to meetings with ordinary Americans about the financial system. Jeff Sprecher (left), CEO of Intercontinental Exchange, speaks with Raphael Bostic, president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, during a Rotary Club of Atlanta meeting on Monday, Jan. 12, 2026. Bostic will retire at the end of February.
Farewell to the Best Job I've Ever Had
Article Monetary Policy Macroeconomy Inside the Fed Key Points In his last quarterly message as Atlanta Fed president and CEO, Raphael Bostic bids farewell to the people of the Sixth Federal Reserve District. "It has been my great honor to serve the American people as a central banker and, in particular, to serve the people of the Sixth District as president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta," Bostic writes.
"A Lot Has Happened in Eight-Plus Years": Atlanta Fed President Bostic Looks Back at His Tenure
Khara Persad: Hello, and welcome to another episode of the Economy Matters podcast. I'm Khara Persad, a member of the Atlanta Fed's Public Affairs team, and the host of today's show. We have a very special episode for you today, and it's also a little bittersweet. Our guest is Atlanta Fed president and CEO Raphael Bostic. Raphael will be retiring from the Bank in February, making this his final appearance on the podcast. But we're going to keep it cheerful, I promise.
After 3rd consecutive rate cut, Fed credibility on inflation could be at stake
Opinion Committee members were divided because they are balancing the need to position monetary policy to spur employment while controlling inflation. A television displays a news conference with Fed Chair Jerome Powell on the floor at the New York Stock Exchange in New York, Wednesday, Dec. 10, 2025. (Seth Wenig/AP) By Raphael Bostic – For The Atlanta Journal-Constitution 2 minutes ago My Federal Open Market Committee colleagues and I face a quandary.
Atlanta Fed President: FOMC\'s Credibility on Inflation Could Be at Stake
Key Points In a new quarterly message, Atlanta Fed president and CEO Raphael Bostic explains his view that, after difficult reflection, he continues to view price stability as the most pressing risk facing the Federal Open Market Committee. Despite cooling labor demand, Bostic writes that it is unclear whether the labor market is significantly out of balance since labor supply growth is slowing because of changes in immigration policy and shifting demographics.
Weighing the Risks: Why Inflation Tips the Scales - November 12, 2025
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Atlanta Economics Club Atlanta, Georgia November 12, 2025 Key Points Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta president and CEO Raphael Bostic discusses his outlook for the macroeconomy and monetary policy at the monthly meeting of the Atlanta Economics Club on November 12. He acknowledges that Fed officials are formulating policy without some data they typically rely on because of the federal government shutdown.
PSD Bank Rhein-Ruhr eG
By Edward Hardy, Chris Harrison, Tim Cooper EXECUTIVE SUMMARY * POWELL SAYS FED STRONGLY DIVIDED ON DECEMBER RATE CUT: #8adeae2c-04be-458d-bf21-015cc1f5b76d * FED CUTS INTEREST RATES BY 25BPS, QT TO END DEC 1: #241bfaaa-4932-4cd6-bbbf-c21f468b426d * TRUMP-XI EXPECTED TO FORMALIZE TRADE TRUCE AT SOUTH KOREA MEETING: #5688aac0-286f-43ee-804c-b8b6c52484ed * BOC CUTS RATES BY 25BPS, BUT A PAUSE LOOKS LIKE THE NEXT STEP: #b2437713-526b-4dcf-9eb8-0c05c9ef429e * NVIDIA BECOMES FIRST COMPANY TO TOP...
How inflation, labor market fare will determine if Fed lowers interest rates
Opinion The Federal Reserve’s Federal Open Market Committee will consider data on prices, tariffs and job growth to make future decisions. The Federal Reserve building in Washington, July 31, 2022. (Al Drago/The New York Times) By Raphael Bostic – For The Atlanta Journal-Constitution 2 hours ago Amid a complex economy, focusing on fundamentals helps to frame my thinking as I formulate monetary policy.
The Dual Mandate and the Primacy of Inflation Expectations - July 3, 2025
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability Frankfurt, Germany July 3, 2025 Watch the speech Key Points At the Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability in Frankfurt, Germany, Atlanta Fed President and CEO Raphael Bostic discusses an essential feature that sets the Federal Reserve apart from most central banks: its dual mandate to pursue price stability and maximum employment.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic: Uncertainty Calls for Caution, Humility in Policymaking
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
"There's Still a Lot of Uncertainty": Atlanta Fed President Bostic Looks Back on 2024
Charles Davidson: Welcome to another Economy Matters podcast, from the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. I'm your host, Charles Davidson. Just a quick reminder today, before we get rolling: the Atlanta Fed offers a variety of news publications, blogs, data tools, and more that you can subscribe to—and they're, of course, all free. To do that, go to atlantafed.org/subscribe. Now, we're in for a treat today.
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta CEO: Heading into 2025 with Positive Economic Outlook, Mindful of Risks
Key Points Conditions on both sides of the Fed's mandate appear to be broadly healthy, and Bostic's economic outlook is positive. He explains uncertainties still persist, however, and risks loom for price stability and the labor market. Atlanta Fed researchers are trying to determine whether the labor market may be cooling more dramatically than Bostic had imagined when he developed his outlook for the economy.
Speech: On the State of the US Economy and Monetary Policy - September 23, 2024
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta (Virtual) European Economics and Financial Centre September 23, 2024 Key Points Atlanta Fed president and CEO Raphael Bostic explains why he voted for a half percentage point reduction in the federal funds rate target at the September 17–18 Federal Open Market Committee meeting. Bostic details his answers to what he deems the two critical questions facing Committee participants: Why reduce the rate now?
Message from the President: Shifting Focus to Both Sides of the Dual Mandate - September 4, 2024
By Raphael Bostic, President and Chief Executive Officer September 4, 2024 I am writing this a few weeks before the Federal Open Market Committee's highly anticipated September 17 and 18 meeting. Of course, I cannot and will not predict what action the Committee might take. But I will outline the evolving economic and monetary policy environment as I see it.
Message from the President: Renewed Hope on Inflation but More Confidence Needed - June 27, 2024
By Raphael Bostic, President and Chief Executive Officer June 27, 2024 Since my last essay in March, the economy and labor markets have continued to expand in healthy fashion. But the outlook concerning the most pressing issue of the day—inflation—has taken a subtle turn. First, let me offer a quick recap.
Speech: Never Walk Where a Dance Will Do - May 31, 2024
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Commencement Address Augusta Technical College Augusta, Georgia May 31, 2024 Key Points Atlanta Fed president and CEO Raphael Bostic tells Augusta Technical College graduates that they represent the connective tissue of our economy and society because without people with their skills and talents, our economy will be less prosperous, less competitive, and our overall standard of living will suffer.
Guest Opinion: Housing's Fundamental Role in Economic Inclusion
Share this article! Raphael Bostic is president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. This article is adapted and edited from a recent speech delivered before The Murphy Institute at Tulane University in New Orleans. Housing is so foundational to family well-being and security that one could argue that it transcends economics. That’s why I’ve devoted a great deal of my career to studying housing and the critical role it plays in economic inclusion and the development of cities.
Housing's Fundamental Role in Economic Inclusion - April 12, 2024
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Confronting America's Housing Crisis: Solutions for the 21st Century The Murphy Institute, Tulane University New Orleans, Louisiana April 12, 2024 Key Points Atlanta Fed president and CEO Raphael Bostic believes housing is so foundational to family well-being and security that one could argue it transcends economics. In his view, true economic inclusion requires income security and the ability to build wealth.
Atlanta Fed President: Three Economic Realities That Make Me Grateful Yet Vigilant
I often say that being the Atlanta Fed president is the best job I've had. Among the things I love about my job is that it's never dull. I get to talk to people from numerous walks of life all over the Southeast and the country and learn from their interesting perspectives about how the economy is and is not working for them. And tracking the US economy is endlessly fascinating because it's always changing, so there is always something new to learn.
Three Economic Realities That Make Me Grateful Yet Vigilant - March 4, 2024
By Raphael Bostic, President and Chief Executive Officer March 4, 2024 I often say that being the Atlanta Fed president is the best job I've had. Among the things I love about my job is that it's never dull. I get to talk to people from numerous walks of life all over the Southeast and the country and learn from their interesting perspectives about how the economy is and is not working for them.
Grateful but Vigilant: New Perspectives for a New Policy Environment - February 15, 2024
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Money Marketeers of New York University Inc. New York, New York February 15, 2024 Key Points Atlanta Fed president and CEO Raphael Bostic says disinflation over the past year has proceeded without weakening of the labor market or economy, a stark departure from historical norms.
Atlanta Fed Opening Remarks: Uneven Outcomes in the Labor Market
Key Points Atlanta Fed president Raphael Bostic gives the opening remarks at the Uneven Outcomes in the Labor Market Conference on February 5. Bostic says that "an economy that works for everyone," the Atlanta Fed's tagline, is one that features a labor market in which everyone can maximize their human capital and potential and find work commensurate with that potential.
Opening Remarks: Uneven Outcomes in the Labor Market - February 5, 2024
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Uneven Outcomes in the Labor Market Conference Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta February 5, 2024 Key Points Atlanta Fed president Raphael Bostic gives the opening remarks at the Uneven Outcomes in the Labor Market Conference on February 5.
The Arc of Monetary Policy May Start Bending Soon - January 18, 2024
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Atlanta Business Chronicle 2024 Economic Outlook Atlanta, Georgia January 18, 2024 Key Points On January 18, Atlanta Fed president Raphael Bostic discusses his latest thoughts on the macroeconomy and monetary policy at the Atlanta Business Chronicle's 2024 Economic Outlook event. Bostic says the Federal Open Market Committee may be approaching a new phase in the monetary policy cycle that began in March 2022.
Rorschach Test Coming Into Focus - November 29, 2023
By Raphael Bostic, President and Chief Executive Officer November 29, 2023 The central lesson I took from the pandemic years was this: expect to be surprised. Even today, economic signals remain mixed. In recent months, there's been a disagreement between incoming aggregate data and feedback we at the Atlanta Fed are gathering through our surveys and on-the-ground outreach.
Work and Wealth Inequality: Policy Responses and Causes - October 19, 2023
Raphael Bostic President and Chief Executive Officer Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Schwartz Lecture The New School for Social Research October 19, 2023 Key Points Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta President and CEO Raphael Bostic delivered the Schwartz Lecture on wealth inequality at the New School for Social Research.
Inflation Fight Is On Track, but the Path to 2 Percent Could Be Bumpy - October 3, 2023
By Raphael Bostic, President and Chief Executive Officer October 3, 2023 The Federal Reserve has made significant progress in our campaign to lower inflation. By the Federal Open Market Committee's (FOMC) preferred gauge—the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index—the inflation rate has fallen to around 3 percent from 7 percent in the summer of 2022. However, our objective is 2 percent, so we still have work to do.
Atlanta Fed President: Inflation Should Continue to Fall as Restrictive Policy Bites
On June 29, 2023, Atlanta Fed president and CEO Raphael Bostic is speaking in Dublin to the Irish Association of Investment Managers on the fight to bring down inflation. Based on the latest Summary of Economic Projections, the median Federal Open Market Committee participant appears to believe the FOMC needs to do more in the short term to get inflation to the Committee's 2 percent target. Bostic does not fully share this view.
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta CEO: Making Monetary Policy Amid Financial System Challenges
Inflation remains too high, and the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is firmly committed to bringing it down to our 2 percent objective. But the pursuit of price stability, never easy, has become even more complicated by turmoil in the banking system earlier this year. A few high-profile bank failures and difficulties at certain other institutions raised fears that liquidity concerns could spread throughout the banking system and create financial instability.
Making Monetary Policy amid Financial System Challenges
By Raphael Bostic, President and Chief Executive Officer June 21, 2023 Inflation remains too high, and the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is firmly committed to bringing it down to our 2 percent objective. But the pursuit of price stability, never easy, has become even more complicated by turmoil in the banking system earlier this year.
POINT MARCHÉS-L'aversion au risque devrait dominer à l'ouverture en Europe (actualisé)
(Actualisé avec contrats à terme sur les indices boursiers en Europe, ouverture du marché obligataire en Europe et clôture à Tokyo, chômage en France) * Wall Street a fini mardi en baisse * Le PIB japonais a progressé plus que prévu au T1 * A suivre l'inflation en zone euro en avril * Le dollar proche d'un pic de 5 semaines par Claude Chendjou PARIS, 17 mai (Reuters) - Les principales Bourses européennes sont attendues en légère baisse mercredi à l'ouverture, l'aversion au risque étant...
POINT MARCHÉS-L'aversion au risque devrait dominer à l'ouverture en Europe
* Wall Street a fini mardi en baisse * Le PIB japonais a progressé plus que prévu au T1 * A suivre l'inflation en zone euro en avril * Le dollar proche d'un pic de 5 semaines par Claude Chendjou PARIS, 17 mai (Reuters) - Les principales Bourses européennes sont attendues en légère baisse mercredi à l'ouverture, l'aversion au risque étant susceptible de se poursuivre sur les marchés avec les incertitudes sur le plafond de la dette américaine et des données macroéconomiques jugées décevantes.
POINT MARCHÉS-L'Europe finit sur de faibles variations après des indicateurs mitigés
* En Europe, le CAC 40 grignoté 0,05% et le Stoxx 600 0,25% * Wall Street dans le désordre à mi-séance * La CE revoit à la hausse sa prévision de PIB et d'inflation * L'Empire State baisse, la production industrielle en zone euro aussi * Un deuxième tour incertain pour la présidentielle turque par Claude Chendjou PARIS, 15 mai (Reuters) - Les principales Bourses européennes ont terminé sur une note stable lundi et à Wall Street, la prudence dominait pour deux des trois indices après un...
POINT MARCHÉS-Wall Street en ordre dispersé après des résultats décevants
par Lewis Krauskopf, Sruthi Shankar et Ankika Biswas 18 avril (Reuters) - La Bourse de New York a fini en ordre dispersé mardi, avec seul le S&P-500 marginalement dans le vert, les gains de grandes valeurs technologiques ayant été atténués par la déception des investisseurs concernant Johnson & Johnson et Goldman Sachs alors que la saison des résultats prend de la vitesse. L'indice Dow Jones .DJI a cédé 0,03%, ou 10,55 points, à 33.976,63 points.
POINT MARCHÉS-Baisse en vue à Wall Street avant les résultats des banques
* Prudence en vue à Wall Street * Les résultats de JPMorgan, Citi et Wells Fargo attendus * Hermès atteint un record après son T1 * L'optimisme dure sur le cycle de taux de la Fed par Laetitia Volga PARIS, 14 avril (Reuters) - Wall Street devrait ouvrir en baisse modérée vendredi en attendant les résultats trimestriels de grandes banques américaines tandis que la tendance en Europe reste soutenue par la perspective que la Réserve fédérale en finisse prochainement avec la remontée de ses taux.
POINT MARCHÉS-Les actions en hausse, espoirs sur la Chine et la Fed
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Atlanta Fed President: Striking a Delicate Balance in Making Policy
Even as some recent reports show underlying inflation moderating, I believe inflation remains too high. I want to reiterate that the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is determined to put it on a sustainable path toward our objective of 2 percent, as measured by the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index.
Atlanta Fed President: Striking a Delicate Balance in Making Policy
"Even as some recent reports show underlying inflation moderating, I believe inflation remains too high. I want to reiterate that the Federal Open Market Committee is determined to put it on a sustainable path toward our objective of 2 percent, as measured by the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index.\"
Striking a Delicate Balance in Making Policy - March 1, 2023
Striking a Delicate Balance in Making Policy By Raphael Bostic, President and Chief Executive Officer March 1, 2023 Even as some recent reports show underlying inflation moderating, I believe inflation remains too high. I want to reiterate that the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is determined to put it on a sustainable path toward our objective of 2 percent, as measured by the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index.
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