Much of Israel is semi-arid, but the cave recently revealed to the public on a stony hillside at Fureidis, just north of Caesarea, is in the Mediterranean climate zone. Today this Paleolithic site is on the outskirts of a bustling town. Those aren't butterflies frisking in the breeze but microplastics, yet the attraction to the hominins – a broad term for early and later human species – thronging the Carmel range around 400,000 to 250,000 years ago is clear.