Sadegh Ranjbar

1 Introduction It is critical to quantify ecosystem carbon inputs via gross primary productivity (GPP) to understand the role that ecosystems play in the climate system and opportunities to enhance natural climate solutions (Novick 2022; Novick et al. 2022). Eddy covariance has quickly become the standard methodology for measuring the net ecosystem-atmosphere flux of carbon dioxide (NEE) at the ecosystem scale (D. Baldocchi 2008, 2014; D. D.

1 Introduction Satellite remote sensing has revolutionized our understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle (Xiao et al., 2019) and demonstrated the critical role of terrestrial carbon fluxes in determining the trends and variability of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (Friedlingstein et al., 2022; Z. Zhu et al., 2016).

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