Sai Ram Challa

Abstract Iron supplementation can negatively affect gut health, while probiotics may improve intestinal iron absorption and gut health. Therefore, combined supplementation of iron and probiotics could be beneficial. A placebo-controlled randomised controlled trial was conducted among 248 anaemic (Hb 7–10.9 g/dL) children under 5 years of age.

Abstract Childhood obesity is rising in India alongside a global increase, creating a double burden where undernutrition coexists with growing overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Recent national surveys and meta-analyses indicate that 9-12% of Indian children and adolescents are obese or overweight. Prevention requires population-level strategies that reshape food and physical activity environments.