Sanae Otawa

To the Editor, Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 40% of children worldwide, impairing quality of life and increasing healthcare burden [1]. Its pathogenesis involves genetic susceptibility, allergen exposure, and immune dysregulation, with early-life microbial exposures shaping immune development [2]. The gut microbiota supports immune homeostasis via Treg induction, epithelial barrier maintenance, and Th1/Th2 balance; disruption may predispose to allergic sensitisation [3].

There is an error in the eighth sentence of the Abstract. The correct sentence is: After adjusting for covariates, child health issues increased among caregivers with moderate mental distress (odds ratio 2.21, 95% confidence interval 1.56–3.12) and severe mental distress (odds ratio 3.11, 95% confidence interval 2.21–4.39) compared with caregivers with no mental distress. There are also errors in the fifth and seventh sentences in the third paragraph of the Results.

Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Sayaka Horiuchi , Ryoji Shinohara, Sanae Otawa, Yuka Akiyama, Tadao Ooka, Reiji Kojima, Hiroshi Yokomichi, Kunio Miyake, Zentaro Yamagata Sayaka Horiuchi, Ryoji Shinohara, Sanae Otawa, Yuka Akiyama, Tadao Ooka, Reiji Kojima, Hiroshi Yokomichi, Kunio Miyake, Zentaro Yamagata Published: December 10, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243702 Figures Abstract To clarify the physical and mental conditions of children during the...