Sangook Moon

1. Introduction Nuclear power plants (NPPs) utilize the fission of atomic nuclei to generate heat, which is subsequently converted into electrical energy. This process is critically facilitated by two distinct yet interdependent systems: the primary and secondary coolant systems. The primary system is designed to manage the heat generated from nuclear fission within the reactor. It involves a closed loop where a coolant (typically water) is heated by the reactor’s core.

1. Introduction Figure 1 illustrates the chronological progression of nuclear power plant (NPP) failures from 2017 to 2023 in South Korea [1]. It is observed that the total number of failures (represented by red dots) incurred from different sources shows a notable increase over time. With regard to managing NPPs, the advent of remote wireless diagnosis systems marks a pivotal shift towards enhancing human safety and operational efficiency.