Senri Miyagi

1 Introduction Aromatic-walled capsules generate confined cavities that isolate guest molecules from the bulk solution [1-6]. The translational and rotational motions of encapsulated guest molecules are restricted within a confined cavity, thereby enabling unique molecular orientations, reaction pathways, and selectivities that are rarely accessible in open solutions [7, 8]. The chemistry of confined cavities was pioneered by Cram et al., who introduced covalently linked “carcerand” hosts [9-17].