Setare Hajarolasvadi

In midair haptics, ultrasound phased arrays are mainly used due to their high spatiotemporal controllability. The constraint on the presentation distance of phased arrays to form a focus can be mitigated by utilizing concave reflectors. This paper numerically examines the convergence of a surface approximated by multiple planes serving as a reflector, substituted for an ideal concave surface.

Topics Acoustical properties, Speed of sound, Acoustical oceanography, Continuum mechanics, Dimensional analysis, Marine geology and geophysics, Mechanical instruments, Granular materials, Discrete element method, Biofluids Dispersion relations refer to the frequency-dependent phase speed and attenuation for acoustic waves propagating through a given material.

Finally, we provide a typical workflow for performing RUS measurements in high magnetic fields (or other extreme environments) where the sample has been adhered to the transducers (Fig. 9). Naturally, details are sample and adhesive dependent, but we have found the following steps are a useful guideline. Measure a resonant frequency spectrum with conventional RUS at ambient conditions.