Si-ying Li

1 Introduction Spermatogenesis is a highly conserved and intricately regulated developmental process that converts germline stem cells into mature, motile sperm. Drosophila serves as a powerful model system for dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying spermatogenesis due to its genetic tractability, well-defined spermatogenic stages, and the high degree of conservation with mammalian male fertility pathways (Houston et al. 2025; Yamashita 2023).

Disclosure The authors declare no competing or financial interests. Supporting Information Filename Description ins70212-sup-0001-TableS1.docx2.6 MB Table S1 Primers used in this study. Fig. S1 Distribution of VhaM9.7-d in sperm tails of VhaM9.7-d-EGFP transgenic Drosophila melanogaster. Fig. S2 Knockdown of VhaM9.7-d in early germlines resulted in male infertility. Fig. S3 Sperm storage in the female seminal receptacle at different time points after mating. Fig.

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description cssc70375-sup-0001-SuppData-S1.pdf5.3 MB Supplementary Material References 1, , , , , and , “Advances and Challenges in Understanding the Electrocatalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Fuels,” Nature Energy 4 (2019): 732–745.