sonu yadav

1 Introduction Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a cerebral vasculature disorder consisting of vascular elongation, widening, and tortuosity, usually involving the vertebral and basilar arteries [1]. Generally, it is asymptomatic [2]. VBD may produce cerebellar dysfunction, compression on the brain stem, trigeminal neuralgia, or even obstructive hydrocephalus. There were only a few cases of VBD as a cause of hydrocephalus reported, and prevalence varies from 0.06% to 5.8% [1, 2].

Research Article Sonu Yadav Corresponding Author E-mail address: sonu.yadav@students.mq.edu.au https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-2789 Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109 New South Wales, Australia Corresponding author. Search for more papers by this author Abstract Changes in the physical environment with elevation can influence species distributions and their morphological traits.