Su Yin

1 Introduction High-power and ultrafast fiber lasers operating in the 1.0 µm spectral region have attracted significant attention due to their extensive applications in precision micromachining, gravitational wave detection, and nonlinear optics [1, 2].

Abstract Introduction: Chemotherapy remains the standard of care for metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS), but clinical benefit is modest. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), have transformed cancer treatment, yet their efficacy in STS is variable and largely confined to undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (LPS).

Melanoma is an aggressive malignancy that arises from melanocytes, specialised pigment-producing cells derived from the neural crest. While melanocytes are primarily found in the skin, they are also present in the eyes, ears and mucosal membranes, and melanoma can develop in any of these locations [1]. Cutaneous melanoma accounts for over 90% of all melanoma diagnoses, while mucosal and uveal melanomas are rare, and comprise less than 5% of cases.