Suhyoung Yoo

1 Introduction Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as a cornerstone technology driving advancements in portable electronics and electric vehicles, owing to their high energy density, excellent round-trip efficiency, and long cycle life.[1-3] Looking ahead, the application of LIBs is expected to expand rapidly into emerging fields such as humanoid robotics, drones, and large-scale energy storage systems (ESS), further accelerating demand for batteries with higher performance and lower...