Suoyi Tan

Abstract Although existing research has confirmed the importance of higher-order structures in identifying key nodes within networks, the challenge remains on how to effectively integrate different types of higher-order information to precisely locate nodes that may be inconspicuous in lower-order structures but play a crucial role in higher-order interactions.

The analysis of connection strengths and distances in the mobility network is pivotal for delineating critical pathways, particularly in the context of epidemic propagation. Local connections that link proximate districts typically exhibit strong weights. However, ties that bridge distant regions with high levels of interaction intensity, termed strong long ties, warrant increased scrutiny due to their potential to foster satellite epidemic clusters and extend the duration of pandemics.