Suprakash Pradhan

Abstract Introduction Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is a condition where the body does not receive enough protein and energy from food, leading to health problems. It is a significant public health concern worldwide, affecting 150 million children worldwide, particularly in low-income and countries. PEM may occur in unhealthy eating habits, lack of nutritional knowledge of parents, family size, overall low educational level, and economical and sociocultural backwardness of parents.

Abstract Introduction Diabetes Mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, it is a bad lifestyle disease. The worldwide prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus is approximately 10.5% among adults aged 20-79 years, which translates to around 540 million people living with diabetes globally.