Suraj Regmi
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Articles by Suraj Regmi
Mathematical Interpretation of AUROC
AUROC is one of the most commonly used metric in binary classification tasks. It stands for Area Under Curve - Receiver Operating Characteristics. It is simply the area under the ROC curve. One way of interpreting AUROC is that it is just the area under the ROC curve obtained by interpolating TPR and FPR at different thresholds. There is also another probabilistic interpretation of AUROC. We will state that and prove why that is the case mathematically.
Electricity | Free Full-Text | Evaluating Preparedness and Overcoming Challenges in Electricity Trading: An In-Depth Analysis Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and a Case Study Exploration
1. Introduction 1.1. General Introduction Nepal possesses enormous hydropower potential, offering strategic economic opportunities for power trade with neighbouring countries like India and Bangladesh, which have limited energy reserves. Out of 83 GW, 43 GW is technically and commercially feasible for power generation [1].
Evaluating Preparedness and Overcoming Challenges in Electricity Trading: An In-Depth Analysis Using Analytic Hierarchy Process-a Case Study Exploration[v1] | Preprints.org
Preprint Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed Version 1 : Received: 30 January 2024 / Approved: 31 January 2024 / Online: 31 January 2024 (13:05:06 CET) Regmi, S.; Rayamajhi, A.; Poudyal, R.; Adhikari, S. Evaluating Preparedness and Overcoming Challenges in Electricity Trading: An In-Depth Analysis Using Analytic Hierarchy Process—a Case Study Exploration. Preprints 2024, 2024012216. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.2216.v1 Regmi, S.; Rayamajhi, A.; Poudyal, R.; Adhikari, S.
A farewell at the departure gate
The Tribhuvan International Airport was bustling with passengers as it always seemed to be—a flow of travellers, each with their own stories and destinations. The travellers stood amidst the opulence of departure gates; their hearts filled with a symphony of dreams as they embarked on their journeys to foreign lands. Loved ones, their faces engraved with bittersweet smiles and teary departures, gathered to bid farewell to those who would disappear within a few minutes and traverse the skies.
Some Common Hurdles to Power Projects
Posted On: 2023-02-16 Posted By: Suraj Regmi and Samjhana Chusyabag Business & Finance Health & Lifestyle National Politics Cities Real Estate & Construction Republica Online News Nepal, Feb. 16 -- Due to a prolonged spell of drought, the graph of imported energy from India is rising day by day. There is dire need for completing the power projects in order to reduce the import and increase export, on time. But, the power projects are facing several challenges.
Some Common Hurdles to Power Projects
Due to a prolonged spell of drought, the graph of imported energy from India is rising day by day. There is dire need for completing the power projects in order to reduce the import and increase export, on time. But, the power projects are facing several challenges. Last month, two videos went viral on online media.
Stirling’s Approximation for Factorials - Proof and Applications
See how Stirling’s approximation can be derived using Taylor’s approximation and integrals Factorial is one of the ubiquitous concepts in mathematics. It is also an important mathematical concept used in data science. For modeling probability distributions in the Poisson process, factorial is used. The probability mass function of the Poisson distribution has factorial expression in the denominator.
Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean, and Their Relation using Jensen’s Inequality
Using Jensen’s inequality on logarithmic function to prove the relation between arithmetic and geometric mean Mean is one of the most fundamental concepts in data science. Data science is built on top of means. Arithmetic mean has a relationship with expectation. F1-score, one of the most important metrics when dealing with unbalanced data, is a harmonic mean of the two metrics — precision and recall.
Nonlinear Change of Variable in Probability Distributions
See change of variable in probability distributions with Pawan’s games In data science, the probability distribution is an extremely important topic. Probability distributions help the data scientists find the patterns present in the data. They help in finding anomalies, generating artificial data, and doing a million more things with data. Feature transformation is just a change of variable in the probability distribution.
Shooting Star Problem - Simple Solution and Poisson Process Demonstration
See the usage of the Poisson process with a mathematical problem It has been a while since I wrote. I don’t write as a routine phenomenon. Writing requires motivation and yearning for me. Thankfully, I found something when going through some of the probability interview questions for data science i.e. Shooting Star Problem. The name is not given as “Shooting Star Problem” per se but I coined the name myself.
Shooting Star Problem - Simple Solution and Poisson Process Demonstration
It has been a while since I wrote. I don’t write as a routine phenomenon. Writing requires motivation and yearning for me. Thankfully, I found something when going through some of the probability interview questions for data science i.e. Shooting Star Problem. The name is not given as “Shooting Star Problem” per se but I coined the name myself. The question tests interview candidates' knowledge of basic mathematics as well as advanced mathematics.
Maximum Subarray Problem and Kadane’s Algorithm
The maximum subarray problem is a problem of finding a contiguous subarray with the largest sum, within a one-dimensional array. I had not thought about writing an article on the problem until I saw one of its solutions — Kadane’s algorithm. The algorithm broke my “streak” of not writing anything for more than a couple of months. Thank you Kadane for your elegant solution! I am giving you perfect stock marketpredictions of a company ABC for the next thirty days.
Locality-sensitive Hashing and Singular to Plural Noun Conversion
Primary school memory During my primary school, I encountered singular to plural nouns conversion. My textbook had provided some rules for the conversion. For example, adding ‘s’ to regular nouns to convert to a plural noun, adding ‘es’ if the singular noun ends in ‑s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z. Memorization of the rules and a bit of practice made the rules feel natural — the plural form would come naturally while writing.
Three Important Steps in Machine Learning
Opinion Where do most data scientists fail? There is more to machine learning than selecting the right algorithms and modeling. Most of the machine learning enthusiasts limit the understanding of machine learning process to just the modelling process. Even for early professionals, it might take some time to realize the whole machine learning process in the real world.
What is Hypothesis Testing? Why Don’t Teachers Believe the Liar Students?
Disclaimer: No inference is intended to make on the basis of a student’s bench position in a class. The teacher is taken male, as the male teacher’s photo was obtained from Unsplash. No inference about the gender and/or teacher is intended. The teacher is checking everyone’s homework. He is going bench by bench. Students show their homework with a proud smile. The teacher reciprocates the smile with a “thumbs up”. The teacher reaches the last bench.
My Journey Into Predicting States Using Emoji Observations With Viterbi Algorithm
@suraj-regmiSuraj Regmi Data Scientist, The World Bank -- the views, content here represent my own and not of my employers. Sarcasm Until I started using social media heavily, I did not know smile emoticon can be sarcastic. I, myself, have used the smile emoticon to express the “fine!” expression many times. I have seen others use them a lot too to express similar expressions. Observations and states are different. What we see or observe, might not give an actual representation of the state.
Infinite Steps CartPole Problem With Variable Reward
Modify Step Method of CartPole OpenAI Gym Environment Using Inheritance In the last blog post, we wrote our first reinforcement learning application — CartPole problem. We used Deep -Q-Network to train the algorithm. As we can see in the blog, the fixed reward of +1 was used for all the stable states and when the CartPole loses its balance, a reward of 0 was given. We saw at the end: when the CartPole approaches 200 steps, it tends to lose balance.
CartPole Problem Using TF-Agents - Build Your First Reinforcement Learning Application
TF-Agents to Learn Optimum Policy in CartPole Problem using Deep Q-Network Reinforcement learning is an emerging sub-field of artificial intelligence that is both cool and effective in some of the applications. Reinforcement learning has been touched in the first few paragraphs of this article and there are hundreds of other introductory blog articles written on the subject.
Creating a Custom Environment for TensorFlow Agent - Tic-tac-toe Example
An introductory blog on custom TF-Agent environment Reinforcement learning is an emerging field of AI that has shown a lot of promise in areas like gaming, robotics, manufacturing, and aerospace. After beating human champions in games like Go[1] and Chess[2] in the mid 2010s, reinforcement learning got traction. Google bought DeepMind[3], a highly respected AI startup that contributed to the majority of reinforcement learning breakthroughs in 2010s.
How to Select a Random Node from a Tree
Photo by Markus Spiske on Unsplash Childhood moments with father Today, I am remembering my childhood moments with my father. My father is a dreamer and he always encouraged me to dream bigger. His encouragement for me to dream and his support for me in pursuing my dreams have shaped greatly what I am today. I was born and raised in the days when gadgets and the internet were not common.
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