Sushree Sangita Dash

1 Introduction Efficient allocation of land and water resources in agriculture has become increasingly important for ensuring global food security and environmental sustainability. Rapid population growth, climate change and expanding economic activities are placing unprecedented pressure on limited freshwater resources worldwide.

1. Introduction Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Methane (CH4) is a potent, short-lived greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential approximately 28–30 times greater than that of carbon dioxide over a 100-year time scale. (1) Livestock production is one of the major anthropogenic CH4 sources, responsible for 30–40% of global agricultural CH4 emissions through ruminant enteric fermentation and manure management.