Tayyab Khan

Abstract Biosensor nodes are special nodes that measure physiological data used in healthcare and related domains. A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a system of biosensor nodes arranged in a specific network topology to measure and communicate physiological data to a central hub node, the Body Node Coordinator (BNC). A huge amount of energy is consumed to transmit the data between the BNC and biosensors. However, owing to their small size, their energy reserve is low.

Abstract Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, yet early-stage disease is nearly always curable, making accurate automated detection a high-value clinical target. State-of-the-art deep-learning systems for dermoscopy analysis typically treat classification and segmentation as separate tasks and produce insufficient confidence scores, potentially limiting their safe deployment.

Abstract The accurate classification of snow and glacier surface features is essential for glacier monitoring, mass balance estimation, melt-runoff modeling, and climate impact assessment in high-mountain regions. Hyperspectral imagery provides rich spectral information that enables fine discrimination of materials with similar appearances, which multispectral data often cannot achieve due to broader bands.