Terry Plank

Abstract The explosive January 2022 Hunga submarine eruption in Tonga injected unprecedented water volumes into the upper atmosphere, generating widespread climatic impacts. However, it ejected anomalously little sulfur compared with other eruptions of similar volume. We explain the missing sulfur with volatile budgets calculated from volcanic ash samples spanning the eruption. We show that magma was stored in a weakly stratified reservoir at 2.1 km to >5.6 km depth.

Links More information: Publisher Index Page (via DOI) Download citation as: RIS | Dublin Core Study Area Publication type Article Publication Subtype Journal Article Title Volcanic gases reflect magma stalling and launching depths Series title Earth and Planetary Science Letters DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119349 Volume 660 Publication Date April 15, 2025 Year Published 2025 Language English Publisher Elsevier Contributing office(s) Volcano Science Center Description 119349, 13 p.

Correction to: Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1643-z Published online 16 October 2019 In the HTML version of this Review, the figures associated with all four Boxes were incorrectly assigned. The PDF version was correct. The Article has been corrected online. Author information Affiliations Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA Terry Plank University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Craig E. Manning Corresponding author Correspondence to Terry Plank.