Thang Ngoc Bach

1 Introduction Economists have long emphasized that technological progress is the key factor that drives long-run growth in the last century (Romer 1990; Grossman and Helpman 1991; Aghion and Howitt 1992; Le 2008; Le and Le-Van 2016; Le, Nguyen, and Bui 2024). In that process, innovation conducted by firms plays an essential role as it is associated with every aspect of economic performance such as output level, product quality, employment, and wages.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors of this research have no conflict of interest. There is no relationship, financial or other interests that might influence our objectivity in conducting this research. REFERENCES , & (2024). Beyond climate change risk: Biodiversity and corporate cash holdings. Economics Letters, 236, 111608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2024.111608 , , , & (2010). A longitudinal study of the impact of R&D, patents, and product innovation on firm performance.

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. References , , and . 2023. “Explaining Why Public Officials Perceive Interest Groups as Influential: On the Role of Policy Capacities and Policy Insiderness.” Policy Sciences 56: 1–19. , , and . 2012. “Explicating Factors for Companies' Inclination Towards Corruption in Operations and Supply Chain Management: An Exploratory Study in Germany.” International Journal of Production Economics 138, no. 1: 136–147. , , , and . 2008.