Tiandong Li

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1 INTRODUCTION Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality.1 According to GLOBOCAN statistics 2020, liver cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in 11 countries and the primary cause of cancer-related deaths in 23 countries.2 The burden of liver cancer in China is high: in 2020, it accounted for 45.3% of all liver cancer cases and 47.1% of deaths worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of only 12.1%.3, 4 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the main histologic...