Tianren Chen

1 Introduction Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is one of the common postoperative complications in elderly patients, mainly including acute postoperative delirium, delayed neurological recovery and postoperative cognitive dysfunction [1-3]. It is clinically characterised by memory and cognitive impairment, as well as personality changes [4].

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflicts of interest. REFERENCES 1, , , , . Carbon capture and storage technology by steel-making slags: recent progress and future challenges. Chem Eng J. 2023; 455:140552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.140552 2, , , , . A review of hydrogen production processes by photocatalytic water splitting—from atomistic catalysis design to optimal reactor engineering. Int J Hydrogen Energ. 2022; 47(78): 33282–33307.