Tingxi Liu

1 Introduction The Eurasian temperate grasslands, spanning across both Europe and Asia, represent the largest continuous grassland ecosystem on Earth (Du et al., 2024). In this region, interactions between the land surface and the atmosphere play a key role in regulating both regional and global climate systems (Q. An et al., 2024; Ma et al., 2024; Seneviratne et al., 2006; C. Wang et al., 2022).

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1. Introduction The construction of reservoirs on river channels inevitably disrupts the original water–sediment balance [1]. After reservoir impoundment, the water level in front of a dam rises, resulting in reduced flow velocity and sediment-carrying capacity. Sediment is trapped and deposited within the reservoir, causing numerous adverse effects. As of 2018, the average sedimentation rate in Chinese reservoirs was 11.27%, with a particularly high rate of 36.76% in the Yellow River basin.